Developing an Effective Risk Managementassessment free essay sample

Building up a successful hazard the board evaluation Todays society has brought chance at each degree of society. Hazard is no long just in the corporate world, however inside the criminal Justice and security zones. Distinguishing and arranging as indicated by the hazard inside the Justice and security zones is ever evolving. Knowing the assets accessible Is the initial step to building up an arrangement to secure and support people in general. The hazard getting ready for Justice and security Is like what a security firm would accomplish for an enterprise, however on a bigger scale.Law implementation needs to take care of the danger of significance. At the point when law implementation is building up a hazard the executives plan they have to oblige for the expense of authorizing the arrangement. To adjust the cost engineers need to show the advantages and outcomes of a hazard the board plan. Every single one of these means needs to happen if a hazard the board plan is to be compelling. Knowing the assets accessible and making arrangements for the dangers Knowing and totally understanding the dangers gives law authorization a favorable position in planning for a scope of hazard and challenges.The chance that crooks, fear based oppressors, and fanatics practice are striking society when and where these association are prepared and they see law implementation Is missing or Is rent likely prepared. Advancement of hazard designs by law authorization need to perceive potential hazard and plan in like manner to counter outside or inner hazard in the public eye. The right appraisal gives the administration basic data and patterns that sway the key arranging. Hazard the executives report additionally distinguish future security and operational chances, accommodate thinking for subsidizing, and give the residents of open wellbeing plans (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. D. ). Law authorization offices hazard appraisal ought happen when a fiasco happens, yet when an initiative change occurs, procedural or a physical security alteration occurs. Explanatory hazard appraisal and security chance evaluations should both be created and use when recognizing danger to law enforcement.These reports furnish supervisors with the kinds of security projects to bring down hazard, legitimize the subsidizing and assets that are mentioned, and portray techniques for improving security in the whole law implementation association. Explanatory hazard evaluation and security chance appraisals an injury of the present dangers, hazard, vulnerabilities, and resources of a law requirement organization. Expository hazard appraisal offer strategies for looking at security and operational availability and financially savvy countermeasures. With security hazard evaluation the finding give data to make educated Decision.When these two appraisals are utilized, law requirement improves the capacity to confront the dangers that are present and that occur with no notice (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. D. ). Individuals The main region law authorization looks at when overseeing danger to the association is the individuals. The more work force the association utilizes the greater security and difficulties it faces. The association must give current innovation to guarantee the work force would carrier be able to out the obligations to give security to alleviate the hazard. Guarantee faculty are ensured takes into account the insurance of society.The society and law authorization staff need each other to keep the hazard to security from happening. The way that the association can achieve this is leading boost preparing, and asking the work force who ride ordinarily on the roads what they see as creating hazard (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. . ). Data Prior to September 1, 2001 Americas law requirement information originated from a few roads and organizations. The years following the assault this has extended inside the United States as well as worldwide.No longer is data assembled or shared by work force however alongside the headway in electronic and Internet implies. The decreasing of dangers from these techniques for getting data, law implementation need to follow what the Army calls activity security. This is just permitting data to be known or imparted to work force that need to know. Not every person has to know it all. Because the chief knows everything the watch official doesn't have to recognize what the magistrate knows.With respect to electronic and the Internet the progression in programming security that government offices have ought to be imparted to state and neighborhood offices. Data on these frameworks is Just as savage as in government organizations (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. D. ). Tasks Operational security can likewise be remembered for the activities of law implementation. As headway and fusing of innovation happens the geologically region vanishes and dependence on electronic association occurs, which builds up a limitability for harm and espionage.Law authorization offices can bring down these dangers by joining operational security into the improvement of the innovation and into the every day obligations, and coordinate security consistence into the plans, systems, arrangements and execution surveys. At the point when staff coordinate security into each region of activities zones of data and work force is influenced to the level that it is a typical event (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. D. ). Hardware Law requirement staff, data, and activities include the utilization of turning into a hazard to the system.For law authorization to bring down hazard to the security of the gear, organizations can create physical obstructions, observing observation, electronic sensors, and human security. In the event that a PC from a watch officials vehicle was to be taken. The data on this PC is basic. Maybe finger sweeps of the law authorization official are a human framework that could be utilized on this innovation. As to sensors and checking this has started with run board cameras for when a cop pulls over a citizen.Perhaps placing a camera in the rearward sitting arrangement of the officials vehicle can forestall danger of claims by a captured resident (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. D. ). Offices Some would not accept that law implementation offices would require hazard overseeing. For what reason would a law requirement office need one. Maybe it is forestalling get away, assurance from claims, or fundamental structure security. Organizations can relieve these dangers by building up a security edge with various degrees of supporting protection.For any entryway other than the front entryway or bathrooms a bell or identification access ought to be utilized. When pass this level extra to identification access on entryways, sensors in the divider, floor, and roof ought to be utilized. Contingent upon the data, staff, or gear in the room would rely upon the degree of security utilized. Expenses related in overseeing hazard When building up a hazard evaluation plan one component to include is the cost that will occur in dealing with the dangers. Excluding the expense in the plans will prompt regions not being ensured, and that leaves holes of vulnerabilities.These zones of vulnerabilities show breaks that can be abused to obtain entrance or control of basic territories of security and law authorization. It is basic defenseless regions, for example, faculty, data, hardware, activities, and offices become some portion of the expense related with dealing with these dangers. When decide the expense of overseeing dangers to the association four measures ought to be utilized to decide whether the expense is justified, despite all the trouble (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. D. ). * Critical: no viable countermeasures presently are set up, and realized enemies would be fit for misusing shortcomings to arrive at the advantage. High: some viable countermeasures exist, however the benefit has various shortcomings that foes could adventure to further their potential benefit. * Medium: some powerful countermeasures exist, yet the benefit has in any event one shortcoming that enemies could adventure furthering their potential benefit. Low: various layers of successful countermeasures exist, and few or no realized foes could adventure to further their potential benefit (Federal Bureau of Investigation, n. D. ). For law authorization not to screen hazard to the association is a basic mistake. This is the one association that necessities to deal with this area.Not dealing with a hazard to law authorization leaves residents with no trust in the capacities for the association to shield them from hazard to society. On the off chance that the open sees law implementation not halting the hazard to getaways of suspects, which this ties into overseeing danger to offices of law authorization by not making sure about the structure the suspect could get away. Another model would be if the data on a maltreatment lady had the option to be access by the abuser, and if the danger of data on a psychological militant that was held by law authorization was getting this could put the security of the country at risk.It is the occasions we as of now live in that gives the need to applying the right degree of assurance to the dangers of the association, and not dealing with these hazard or not have an arrangement is likewise squandering reserves. At the point when ill-advised overseeing is done this additionally affects the residents the law requirement organizations are ensuring. There should screen of hazard and the expense of them to guarantee these hazard an activity accurately and the components that go into them are done effectively too. The influence an appropriately performed chance investigation has for the executives Developing a legitimate security hazard evaluation empowers authority to settle on educated decisions.Making precise choices dependent on appropriately realized appraisals permits administration to infer adequate degrees of hazard and the right game-plan. A hazard examination gives a rundown of the hazard to what assets are accessible and expected to meet the hazard. From the examination partners and administration can choose the sort f countermeasures to execute and where to actualize them, or they may acknowledge chance conditions dependent on existing needs, assets, and danger status (Federal Bureau o

The Functions of Managers Essay -- Business Management Studies

The Functions of Managers Great administration and authority are basic for associations to work and furthermore for the associations to flourish. At the point when associations are all around oversaw simply like Barclay, they can work successfully and they can work effectively. Supervisors have excellent and clear plans, troughs have sorted out structures, frameworks, and they likewise assess results. At the point when associations are very much driven, they adjust to changes in the condition and create societies that move duty and advancement. Both great administration and great authority are important to continue hierarchical execution. Troughs are liable for completing work for the most part through other individuals; the term trough may likewise allude to various individuals inside a business. Some activity titles incorporate the word supervisor, for example, a individual trough or overseeing chief. Different jobholders may likewise be troughs even through there titles don't state it. - Mangers follow up for the proprietors †in an organization, senior the executives are responsible investors - Mangers set targets for the association, for instance, they may conclude that a drawn out target is to have a more prominent piece of the overall industry than the entirety of the company’s contenders. - Managers ensure that a business accomplishes its goals, by overseeing others. - Managers guarantee that coordinate qualities which implies the estimation of the association are kept up in dealings with different business, clients, workers and overall population. At the point when an association is overseen well troughs adequately perform four basic administration capacities Henry Fayol the French administration scholar recorded various capacities or components of the executives these are: - Planning - Organizing - Commanding - Coordinating - Controlling Arranging This includes troughs setting targets and furthermore the systems, strategies, projects and methodology for accomplishing them. Arranging may be finished by line troughs who will be answerable for execution. Anyway guidance on arranging may likewise originate from staff the board who might have mastery in that are regardless of whether they have no line authority. For instance, a creation may do human response arranging in the creation division, yet utilize the abilities of the individual chief in arranging enrollment for opening that may emerge. By and large, arranging includes characterizing organis... ... a scope of offices for instance the account division they will screen there financial plan and execution. The procedure by which individual gathering or association deliberately screens execution and makes remedial move this is called controlling, another model would be that Barclays fund office will be controlling and observing clients exchanges, and so on, and so on and they will keep a history and they will keep a record document of that client. The executives control framework imparts sign to supervisors that things are definitely not turning out to be as arranged and that remedial activity is required. - Barclays bank screen and measure what is being filed in each of their specialty. - Barclays control, screen there deals execution. - Barclays control and screen their income against their financial plan. Driving After administration has made arrangements, made a structure of work practice, furthermore, employed the correct individual, somebody must lead the association, driving includes speaking with and persuading others to perform the assignments important to accomplish the associations objectives. Driving isn't done simply in the wake of arranging and sorting out end, it is a vital component of these capacities.

Marijuana Use and Depression A Complex Relationship

Marijuana Use and Depression A Complex Relationship Addiction Drug Use Marijuana Print Using Marijuana to Treat Depression By Nancy Schimelpfening Nancy Schimelpfening, MS is the administrator for the non-profit depression support group Depression Sanctuary. Nancy has a lifetime of experience with depression, experiencing firsthand how devastating this illness can be. Learn about our editorial policy Nancy Schimelpfening Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 07, 2020 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on February 07, 2020 Depression Overview Types Symptoms Causes & Risk Factors Diagnosis Treatment Coping ADA & Your Rights Depression in Kids Getty Images Europe With states across the nation passing laws allowing for the medical use of marijuana, much debate has ensued over which conditions should qualify patients for approved use. Depression is one such condition that has been discussed, and the research is mixed.  Depression and marijuana use often exist side-by-side in patients, but teasing apart their relationship to one another is a chicken-and-egg problem researcher have yet to solve. Can Marijuana Help Treat Depression? A February 2015 study by researchers at the University of Buffalos Research Institute on Addictions found that chemical compounds in the brain known as endocannabinoids, which are linked to feelings of overall well-being, activate the same receptors as many of the active compounds in marijuana.?? In testing on rats, the researchers found that the production of endocannabinoids was lower in states of chronic stress than under normal conditions. They concluded that the chemicals in cannabis may be a useful treatment in restoring normal endocannabinoid function and alleviating symptoms of depression. Drawbacks of Treating Depression With Marijuana Although there is some evidence that marijuana may have antidepressant properties, many argue there are also some important drawbacks to its usage. There is a well-known phenomenon called amotivational syndrome,  in which chronic cannabis users become apathetic, socially withdrawn, and perform at a level of everyday functioning well below their capacity prior to their marijuana use.?? There are also other studies that indicate that marijuana is associated with an increased risk for depression. Depression and Marijuana Use May Have Same Root Cause Most health care researchers and practitioners accept the theory that genetic, environmental, or other factors are the root cause of depression. Some believe that these same causes can lead to marijuana use. Participants in a 1997 pilot study  reported that one of the reasons they continued to smoke marijuana was that they felt it relieved their symptoms of depression and anxiety.?? Some research indicates that marijuana users (especially regular or heavy users) are more likely to be diagnosed with depression than those who dont use the drug. But research has failed to conclude that there is a causation relationship at play: it is not clear that depression directly results from marijuana use. In some patients with a predisposition to other mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder, marijuana use may serve as a trigger for the diseases expression.  There also is some evidence that teenagers who attempt suicide may be more likely to have used marijuana than those who have not made an attempt. As with marijuana use and depression, more research is needed to better understand these associations.  As states continue to pass medical marijuana laws  and refine the criteria for eligibility, more research will likely go further toward exploring the relationship between depression and marijuana use. The 7 Best Online Help Resources for Depression

The Issue Of Same Sex Parenting - 1153 Words

Paper Same-Sex Parenting Homosexuality has been a sensitive subject in this society for generations; it has been repelled against and condemned because it is considered to be sin-natured to certain traditions and religions. In the past several years, gay rights have been a controversial topic in many areas of the public and court rooms. More recently, the debate about gays having the right or ability to parent has become an increasingly popular topic, especially with same-sex marriage being legalized. There are typically two ways of thinking about gay parenting: it’s wrong and shouldn’t be accepted or that it’s perfectly sane and should be accepted. While the people who are against same-sex parenting would argue that kids rose by gay parents are more at risk for mental disorders, social, sexual and gender development, depression and other negative effects, studies have shown that this is simply not true. In fact, a number of studies and articles have indicated that there is no negative effect or difference in outcomes between children that are raised by same-sex parents than children raised by heterosexual parents. BACKGROUND According to the U.S. Census Bureau, there were approximately 594,000 reported same-sex couple households living in the United States in 2010. Out of the 594,000 same-sex couple households, 115,000 reported having children. Eighty-four percent of these households contained own children of the householder. In comparison, 94 percent of opposite-sexShow MoreRelated Social and Legal Obstacles of Gay and Lesbian Parenting Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesSocial and Legal Obstacles of Gay and Lesbian Parenting In the last decade there has been a rise in the number of lesbians and gay men forming their own families. Many do this through adoption, foster care, artificial insemination, and other means. Today, researchers have estimated that the number of children living with one gay or lesbian parent is six to fourteen million. Some have described this current period as a lesbian and gay â€Å"baby boom†. However, lesbian and gay parents face many socialRead MoreSame Sex Marriage And Parenting999 Words   |  4 PagesSame-Sex Marriage and Parenting Same-sex marriage and same-sex parenting are comparatively new controversial topics in today’s world and its â€Å"mainstream† morality. I was not exposed to any homosexual â€Å"lifestyle† while growing up. While I know that I am firmly traditional in my theological views, nevertheless, I firmly believe that traditional marriage and traditional parenting are devotional commitments between a man and a woman. Therefore, same-sex marriage and same-sex parenting are to me, issuesRead Moreâ€Å"The Changing Reality of the American Family- Same Sex Parenting â€Å" An estimated two million1000 Words   |  4 PagesFamily- Same Sex Parenting â€Å" An estimated two million children are being raised in a single or same sex parent in the United States. The exact number of children raised in this type home cannot be determined due to the secrecy resulting from the stigma associated with homosexuality (Perrin, Siegel 3). Families of same sex parents often resemble step families formed after heterosexual couples divorce. Due to social acceptance of diversity in sexual orientation (Perrin 2), same sex parenting is foreverRead MoreSame Sex Marriage And Marriage948 Words   |  4 PagesSame-sex marriage and same-sex parenting are comparatively new controversial topics in today’s world and its â€Å"mainstream† morality. I was not exposed to any homosexual â€Å"lifestyle† while growing up. 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The Family Entertainment And Copyright Act - 3758 Words

BUSINESS 102, PROFESSOR JASSO The Family Entertainment and Copyright Act Section 26, T.A Jarrid Aliyah Brown 3/17/2015 1 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the Family Entertainment and Copyright Act (Public law S.167). Throughout the paper a thorough description of the policy’s design will be given along with the implementation process. By providing a detailed analysis and examples it is a goal to fully understand this policy. From the history of the act to the current situation this paper will delve into all aspects of the policy. The discussion of whether this act was a result from market or government failure proves to be a prominent motive for implementation. This evaluation will judge the effectiveness and efficiency of the policy, while providing information on the Family Entertainment and Copyright Act (S.167) for the reader. An overall analysis of the act will then be given. 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Sleeping Beauty vs. Snow White Essay Free Essays

Every small girl make-believes to be a princess and struts around conceive ofing a prince charming. Even when they grow up and go a adult female. they’re still waiting for that prince to come brush them off their pess. We will write a custom essay sample on Sleeping Beauty vs. Snow White Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now so they can fall loony in love and unrecorded merrily of all time after. This phantasy is much because of Walt Disney films such as â€Å"Sleeping Beauty† . â€Å"Snow White† . â€Å"Cinderella† . â€Å"Little Mermaid† . and many others. These narratives have been passed down for centuries and legion versions exist today. There are many readings of the narratives and their significances that most people don’t even acknowledge. Though the narratives all seem different. some of them still have similar significances. â€Å"Snow White† and â€Å"Sleeping Beauty† are two narratives that have a common significance. Sleeping Beauty and Snow White are both characters that are unrealistically beautiful. Sleeping Beauty for case. had just tegument. bluish eyes. long light-haired hair. and an impossibly thin figure. This sets unrealistic criterions for female beauty. Besides the narratives show a dependance on males for the female individuality. The princess is kiping. merely waiting for her prince to come salvage her so she can restart her topographic point as princess and â€Å"live merrily of all time after† . Snow White was besides poisoned and laid sleeping until her prince came to salvage her. In a manner. this is stating that adult females are merely waiting about for a adult male to come salvage them from ordinary life. so that they can hold their ‘happily of all time after’ stoping. Another point that shows up in â€Å"Cinderella† is that the stepmother who raised three kids on her ain. which shows independency. is made the scoundrel of the narrative. while inacti ve Cinderella is the loveable victim. In these fairy narratives. they show intertwine a adult female is nil without a adult male. They give the image that a adult female has nil to make but wait for her prince. and so one time he comes her life will be fulfilled. In today’s universe it’s rather obvious that these things could non be more false. Harmonizing to Bruno Bettelheim. the legion versions of â€Å"Snow White† and â€Å"Sleeping Beauty† represent a immature miss turning up and going a adult female. though it is showed in different ways. In â€Å"Sleeping Beauty† . or in Grimm’s version â€Å"Brier Rose† . the expletive put on the miss by the evil faery represent new limitations imposed on a female. It can be interpreted as the beginning of menses. The 13 faeries represent the months of the calendar. The 12 good faeries represent the 12 traditional months of the twelvemonth. and since there is no 13th month. the 13th faery represents menses. Besides the evil faery realizes the girl’s potency for going the object of desire and out of jealousy attempts to forestall the miss from of all time going a adult female. Further on the representation of the expletive as menses. there is the King seeking to forestall it from go oning. because he does non understand it. However. the Queen understands the expletive and its importance. being a adult female herself. and does nil to halt it. So of course when the miss sees a spindle for the first clip. full of wonder. Se pricks her finger and falls asleep. The absence of the girl’s parents when she pricks her finger represents the parents’ inability to assist kids through the assorted tests of turning up. The King and Queen’s waiting symbolizes the delay for sexual fulfilment. It shows the terminal of childhood and a clip of quiet growing. from which she will rouse mature and ready for sexual brotherhood ( Bettelheim. 232 ) . In the narrative of â€Å"Snow White† . Bettelheim explains how it tells of how a parent ( the Queen ) gets destroyed by green-eyed monster of her kid. who in turning up surpasses her ( 195 ) . The Queen is non merely covetous of Snow White’s beauty in some versions. but besides covetous of the love of the male parent for the miss. They are jealously combating to be the King’s favourite. Since Snow White is more beautiful. she has more power and able to win over her male parent. Bettelheim uses Freud’s Oedipus composite for understanding the struggles between Snow White and her stepmother. The King and Queen in narratives represent absolute power. such as a parent holds over the kid. When the child’s place in the household becomes a job. they try to get away to get down the route to happening themselves. Snow White’s clip with the midget represents her period of growing ( 201 ) . When Snow White eats the apple. the kid in her dies. and is lef t to rest in a glass casket. which represents waiting for adulthood. until her prince comes ( 213 ) . Both these narratives represent a miss maturating into a adult female. and holding an older adult female jealous of their beauty. seeking to forestall them from turning up. These characters have to travel through a hibernating period of resting. so they can make sexual fulfilment and awake matured. ready to get down a life with their prince. There is besides person in both narratives. a male. who does non understand the maturing period. and attempts to forestall it. In â€Å"Sleeping Beauty† it was the King and in â€Å"Snow White† it was the seven midgets who tried to assist her. This shows that despite a parents efforts to prorogue being able to make adulthood at the proper clip. it happens however. How to cite Sleeping Beauty vs. Snow White Essay, Essay examples

Sustainable Initiatives in Energy Industry

Energy Background Any industrial and technological progress depends on energy that is readily available. The industrial and technological progress experienced in developed countries was made through exploitation of fossil fuels found under the earth surface (Ayres, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainable Initiatives in Energy Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These fuels were often imported from countries which did not have the required technology for effective utilization, therefore, countries which had the required technology attained affluence at a faster rate, and they started controlling counties that were less developed (Peters Feldman, 2001). Today, these countries consume about four-fifth of the fossil fuel in the whole world. In 1973, countries that produced oil increased the prices of it, which created economic chaos both in developed and developing countries. This made all countries to realize that using oil in a wasteful manner was not acceptable, and they needed to make efforts to set up programs that ensured energy-conservation. They also realized that they had to look for alternative sources of energy (Brown, 2000). Since then, countries dependent on oil have always been affected by the ever-increasing oil prices. Some of the developing countries have faced serious shortages of power, which has pushed them to import the cheapest oil (Prindle et al, 2003). This cheap oil is utilized by technology that is less efficient; therefore, wastage is still an important issue for these countries (Ayres, 2002). In addition to the high cost of oil, which is suffered by countries dependent on it for energy production, oil utilization poses health and environmental risks. The gases emitted during extraction, energy production and utilization, are harmful to human health, and when these gases escape into the atmosphere (Warren, 1987), they contribute to the effect of globa l warming and ozone depletion. However, despite all these effects, countries still import oil, it is due to the simple reason that they need it for industrialization and development (Andreason, 1995). These countries face the issue of uncertainty in the continuous supply of oil as well. It occurs because the rate at which it is been used exceeds the rate at which it is being replenished.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Who Should Regulate Sustainable Development Why should countries insist on using a source of energy that is ever-increasing in price and has a great effects on human health and is not sustainable. Yet, are there other alternative sources that are more reliable, cheap and environmentally friendly? According to some researchers, the government should make sure that countries are utilizing energy resources that are economically and environmentally sustainable. Th erefore, they are mandated to regulate the use of energy in the country (Andreason, 1995) Some researchers argue that, private companies should regulate the production of energy resources, while others argue that end users should also be involved in the energy regulation for energy to be sustainable. Using technology that conserves energy helps in reducing energy wastage and emission of harmful gases into the atmosphere (Atiles et al, 2003). This paper provides the discussion of the question: who should do and what should be done to ensure that sustainable energy would be used in future, if people involved do not identify what is supposed to be done to ensure sustainable energy. Energy Situation in New Zealand New Zealand is a country that is heavily dependent on oil import as a source of energy for its economy. New Zealand realizes that this resource is finite, and its demand is higher than its production. This means that country will face oil shortages in the future, which will af fect its economy. Therefore, the New Zealand government is challenged to come up with a plan that will help them cope with shortages in the short-run, as they consider their options in the long-run. Today, New Zealand is getting prepared for peak oil; the government is concerned that the peak in production of oil will encourage its people to use fuels that are heavier, dirtier and harder to extract, this include oil shales, tar sands among others, and the amount of energy used in their extraction might be more than the energy extracted from them. Also the emission of the greenhouse gases will be more severe that it is at the moment. New Zealand Energy Options The New Zealand government has proposed the use of bio-fuels as an alternative to fossil fuels. According to this government and its financial circles, the rise of oil prices will make people opt for its alternatives, such as bio-fuels will be viable economically. Thus, the society and its economy will make a transition to rene wable energy without any problems.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainable Initiatives in Energy Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This step seems viable, considering that today many people in New Zealand prefer using smaller cars and public transport. However, bio-fuels can only cater for 6% of diesel demand, therefore, it cannot completely replace fossil fuels; this is because there are equipments, which will continue using oil for a long time. Another setback for the government’s proposal is that bio-fuels will bring about competition for land that is meant for food farming (Tullock Seldon and Brady, 2002). The government also looks at bio-fuels as a means used to reduce the greenhouse gases emissions, and this helps saving the environment. Companies which are regulated by the government benefit from research and development funding; this help companies with the expenditures that are diffic ult to fund. Sometimes, such investment provided by the government provides a social welfare and advocates for change in behavior of private companies, which reduces harmful externalities (Andreason, 1995). Apart from bio-fuels, New Zealand can also consider using renewable energy sources, which include geothermal, wind and hydropower. These sources of energy are considered to be clean sources; they are friendly to the environment. These sources are also economically viable if they produce substantial energy during the lifetime. The initial cost for power plants and machines used in harnessing energy from these sources are very expensive; this makes investors to shy away from investing in renewable energy (Copeland and Taylor, 2003). When compared to fossil fuel power plants. For instance, some renewable energy power plants are dependent on availability of wind in the case of wind power plants, and availability of rain in the case of hydro power plants. Despite all the inconvenience s, renewable sources of energy are still the most sustainable. Therefore, the New Zealand government should take an initiative of putting renewable energy sources in use. To encourage investors to venture in renewable energy production, the government gives incentives for anyone investing in renewable energy; these incentives include lowering taxes on importation of equipment used in plant construction. In New Zealand, hydropower has a potential to increase its capacity by approximately 50% and wind has a potential of approximately 20%.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, wind resource has issues of intermittency, making it not suitable for a large-scale use. Hydropower faces social and community challenges, such as disputes related to diversion of water. People living down-stream have problems with water diversion to hydro-power plants. The government and private investors should take the responsibility for educating locals on how a hydro-power plant works, as well as raise issues on its importance; It is done to remove the doubt that they will be denied water down-stream if the plant is build on the river. New Zealand Energy Conservation Options For sustainable energy, New Zealand also strives to reduce the energy demand through efficient extraction of energy, its generation and utilization. The government ensures that companies producing energy do this when using the most efficient equipments. There are companies which do not care about wastage of energy, as long as they produce and sell it to consumers. The little resources available sho uld be efficiently exploited without wastage and during transmission; responsible companies should minimize losses (Brennan and Schwartz, 1985). End users should also be encouraged to use end-use equipments that are efficient, this include energy saving bulbs and use of efficient electrical appliances. The government can support energy conservation program by providing goods such as energy saving bulbs and financing public awareness on how to save energy (Chao and Wilson, 1993). The government can also support the program through providing loans for a low interest rate to the private investors who wish to install energy efficient machines. New Zealand Plan for Sustainable Energy New Zealand has increased its emissions from the transport sector and the utilization of fossil fuel. However, these emissions can be mitigated with the use of alternative fuels and new technologies. This plan cannot be achieved overnight, therefore, the government of New Zealand has come up with a visionary plan; this visionary plan will run up to 2050 (New Zealand Government, 2007). According to the plan, the government wants to reduce the county’s dependency on oil (Botterud, 2003). The government started the plan in 2007 by giving incentives for exploring renewable resources, and investing in hydrogen and bio-fuels. This was meant to ensure a smooth transition to energy options that are more sustainable. Incentives will be given out until 2020, together with the expansion of the major grid and increasing the efficiency of vehicles (Botterud, 2003). It should be noted that everything is not going to be at stand still for this plan to be implemented, therefore, before the transition from oil to bio-fuels and renewable energy are introduced, the country will be using oil. To reduce the oil pollution by utilization, the government plans to adopt more efficient ways of utilizing fossil fuels. Between 2020 and 2030, government plans to increase the use of bio-fuels and reduce the use of fossil fuels (New Zealand Business Council for Sustainable Development, 2007). During this period, the government is also planning to build smart houses and grids, the government would have already be looking for the appropriate technologies that can be used in exploiting renewable energy resource such as wind, hydropower among others. Between 2030 and 2040, government will fully adopt renewable energy and drop all fossil fuels. The use of hydrogen as a source of energy will also be adopted during this period; it will be used in the transport sector, therefore, vehicles that utilize hydrogen as a source of energy will also be adopted (Robinson, 2006). By 2040, according to the New Zealand government, the country will not be dependent on oil, and this means that the economy will not be affected by the ever-increasing oil prices (New Zealand Government, 2007). Sources of energy adopted will be friendly to the environment. Therefore, the companies will not worry about compliance to international standards for environment, such as the Kyoto protocol, which demands that emissions of greenhouse gases must be reduced (Diaz, 2004). Energy in New Zealand will also be affordable to its people, this will help the New Zealanders to engage in business activities that will lead to economic development. New Zealand, therefore, will be sustainable economically, as energy is a source of economic development and if it is sustainable, than economic development will be sustainable (New Zealand Government, 2007). Conclusion The government of New Zealand has played a very important role in ensuring that the country is moving towards sustainable development. It has formulated energy policies that ensure that New Zealand does not depend on oil. This is because of the ever-increasing prices of oil, environmental pollution and its expected shortage in future (Blyth and Hamilton, 2006). The government has also come up with a plan for sustainable energy by 2050, which will make Ne w Zealand to be economically sustainable, if the plan comes out as planned (Chaton and Doucet, 2003). This shows that government initiative to regulate economic development should be appreciated. There are some issues, which are difficult for private companies to initiate because of the financial constraints and their limited power. For instance, the exploitation of renewable energy should be initiated by the government; this is because of the large capital involved in the construction of renewable power projects (Atiles et al, 2003). However, this does not mean that private companies should not be involved in production of renewable energy. In fact, the government should provide favorable conditions for them to venture in production of renewable energy (Bender et al, 2002). There is also the issue of power, whereby; the government has power over all resources in a country, therefore, companies can only exploit these resources under permission of the government. For instance, a comp any cannot exploit a river for hydropower without the knowledge of the government (Atiles et al, 2003). Therefore, the government comes first, especially in the formulation of policies (Anonymous, 2006). The government formulate policies, but it cannot work alone to regulate the economic development. Thus, there must be people who will implement these policies. These people include, companies producing, distributing energy and the end users. This means that as the government plans for economic sustainability, they should include these groups of people for the plan to be successful (Anonymous, 2006). Reference list Andreason, A.R. (1995). Marketing social change: Changing behavior to promote  health, social development, and the environment. San Francisco, CA: Jossey- Bass. Anonymous. (2006). The limits of efficiency. [Review of the report Don’t supersize me!: Toward a policy of consumption based energy efficiency]. Energy Design Update, 26, 12, 9-12. Atiles, J.H., Wysocki, J .L., Tremblay, K. R. Jr. (2003). Energy Star: Introducing a new cooperative extension partnership. Housing and Society, 30,1, 59-68. Ayres, R.U. (2002). The energy we overlook. In Hostetter, M. (Ed.) Energy policy. New York: H.W. Wilson Company. Bender, S.L., Moezzi, M., Hill Gossard, M., and Lutzenhiser, L. (2002). Using mass media to influence energy Consumption behavior: California’s 2001 Flex Your Power campaign as a case study. Proceedings of the 2002 ACEEE Summer Study in Energy Efficient Buildings, USA, 8: 15-28. Brown, M.H. (2000). The link between energy efficiency and air quality. National  Conference of State Legislators State Legislative Report, 25, 16, 1-13. Blyth, W., and K. Hamilton (2006): â€Å"Aligning Climate and Energy Policy,† Briefing paper, Chatham House. Botterud, A. (2003): â€Å"Long-term Planning in Restructured Power Systems – Dynamic  Modelling of Investments in New Power Generation under Uncertainty,† Phd thesis, NTNU. B rennan, M., and E. Schwartz (1985): â€Å"Evaluating Natural Resource Investments,†Ã‚  Journal of Business, 58, 135–157. Chao, H., and R. Wilson (1993): â€Å"Option Value of Emission Allowances,† Journal  of Regulatory Economics, 5(3), 233–249. Chaton, C., and J. Doucet (2003): â€Å"Uncertainty and Investment in Electricity Generation with an Application to the Case of Hydro-Qu ´ebec,† Annual Operations Research, 120(1), 59–80. Copeland, B., and M. Taylor (2003): Energy and the Environment. Pronceton University Press, Princeton. Diaz, M. (2004): â€Å"Valuation of Exploration and Production Assets: An Overview of Real Options Models,† Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 44(1-2),   93–114. New Zealand Business Council for Sustainable Development. (2007). A Sustainable Energy Future for New Zealand by 2050, a business view. New Zealand Government. (2007). New Zealand Energy Efficiency and Conservation Strategy, Energy Conservation, 8.pp 145-222. Peters, J.S., Feldman, S. (2001). I can do it!The role of self-efficacy in motivating  change in attitudes and behavior relating to energy efficiency and renewable. Proceedings of the 2001International Energy Program Evaluation Conference, USA: 479-486. Prindle, W., Dietsch, N., Elliot, R.N., Kushler, M., Langer, T., Nadel, S. (2003). Energy efficiency’s next generation: Innovation at the state level (Report Number E031). Washington, D.C.: American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy Savage, I. (2005). Building value with building science: High performance green building in the housing industry. Carolina Planning. 30 (2), 23-25. Robinson, G. (2006). Understanding economic sustainability. New York: Wilson Company. Tullock, G., Seldon, A. and Brady, G.L. (2002). Government failure: A primer in public  choice. Washington, CD: E. Cato Institute. Warren, A. (1987). Saving megabucks by saving megawatts. Energy Policy. 15 (6), This essay on Sustainable Initiatives in Energy Industry was written and submitted by user Skyler Miles to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastics

Polyethylene Terephthalate Plastics PET plastics or polyethylene terephthalate is used in many different products. The properties of PET makes it ideal for a number of different uses and these advantages make it one of the most common plastics available today. Understanding more about the history of PET, as well as the chemical properties, will allow you to appreciate this plastic even more. In addition, most communities recycle this type of plastic, which allows it to be used again and again. What are the chemical properties of PET? PET Chemical Properties This plastic is a thermoplastic resin of the polyester family and is commonly used in many different products, including synthetic fibers. It can exist in both a transparent and a semi-crystalline polymer, depending upon the processing and thermal history. Polyethylene terephthalate is a polymer that is formed by combining two monomers: modified ethylene glycol and purified terephthalic acid. PET can be modified with additional polymers as well, making it acceptable and usable for other uses. History of PET The history of PET began in 1941. The first patent was filed by John Whinfield and James Dickson, along with their employer, the Calico Printers Association of Manchester. They based their invention on the earlier work of Wallace Carothers. They, working with others, created the first polyester fiber called Terylene in 1941, which was followed by many other types and brands of polyester fibers. Another patent was filed in 1973 by Nathaniel Wyeth for PET bottles, which he used for medicines. Advantages of PET PET offers several different advantages. PET can be found in many different forms, from semi-rigid to rigid. This is largely dependent upon its thickness. It is a lightweight plastic that can be made into a number of different products. It is very strong and has impact resistant properties as well. As far as color, it is largely colorless and transparent, although color can be added, depending upon the product that it is being used for. These advantages make PET one of the most common types of plastic that is found today. Uses of PET There are many different uses for PET. One of the most common is for drink bottles, including soft drinks and more. PET film or what is called Mylar is used for balloons, flexible food packaging, space blankets, and as a carrier for magnetic tape or backing for pressure sensitive adhesive tape. In addition, it can be formed to make trays for frozen dinners and for other packaging trays and blisters. If glass particles or fibers are added to the PET, it becomes more durable and stiffer in nature. PET is largely used for synthetic fibers, also known as polyester. PET Recycling PET is commonly recycled in most areas of the country, even with curbside recycling, which is simple and easy for everyone. Recycled PET can be used in a number of different things, including polyester fibers for carpeting, parts for cars, fiberfill for coats and sleeping bags, shoes, luggage, t-shirts, and more. The way to tell if you are dealing with PET plastic is looking for the recycling symbol with the number 1 inside of it. If you are not sure that your community recycles it, simply contact your recycling center and ask. They will be happy to help. PET is a very common type of plastic and understanding its composition, as well as its advantages and uses, will allow you to appreciate it a little bit more. You most likely have lots of products in your home that contains PET, which means that you have the opportunity to recycle and allow your product to make even more products. Chances are you will touch different PET products over a dozen times today.

The Scientific Basis for Defining Seasons

The Scientific Basis for Defining Seasons Contrary to common belief, modern meteorology recognized that the beginning of any season is the day on which the sun passes over particular latitude rather than how cold or warm the following will be. Hashtag: #FirstDayOfFall Ancient and Modern Meteorology Meteorological phenomena such as storms, lightning, and thunder are often considered dangerous and frightening for many people. The ability to predict their occurrence in the past was valued in many cultures. In fact, there is a large body of literature that spans the ancient period dedicated to the prediction and explanation of meteorological and astronomical events including animal behavior.   The division of the year into seasons enables the ancient culture to select the proper time plowing, sowing, reaping, and harvesting, making voyages with ships, prepare and protect themselves for against the natural severity of the seasons. CAN SCIENCE GO TOO FAR? However, ancient meteorology was largely based on past experience or preservation of the events of past weather and their sequence, speculations on the relation between events and proximate causes, philosophy, appeal to the deities, and belief in personal weather-control and magic.   The practice was only changed in the mid 19th century when a collection of facts has been operated by electric–telegraph and now radiotelegraphy.   Although recording observation and discussing them from a philosophical point of view still remains to this day, meteorologist today have a multitude of facts and records to base their forecast and in creating a weather map. Weather and Seasons Weather maps are important tools for developing and explaining weather forecasts. They vary in scope as there are national, continental, and global weather maps. Surface weather maps commonly contain identified fronts; high and low-pressure areas and temperatures, wind strength and air pressure and often used to provide information on the present weather condition.   Forecast weather maps, as the name suggests, are computer generated maps to predict changes in the weather.   Meteorologist also developed short-term (18-36 hours) and long-term (5 days) maps that are updated daily. However, since weather condition is rapidly changing, the weather forecast may not always be accurate and mere honest guesses of the weather condition for a certain period of time. The above surface map illustrates four different fronts – cold, warm, stationary, and occluded.   Note that these fronts separate different air masses and associated with lower pressure. A meteorologist using this map will likely forecast that weather along the stationary front (points A and B) will be clear to partly cloudy. The weather condition in the cold front (points B to C) will be cold, rainy in green-shaded areas, and snowy in the white shaded areas. Contrary to common belief, modern meteorology recognized that the beginning of any season is the day on which the sun passes over particular latitude rather than how cold or warm the following will be.   For instance, the first day of summer in the Northern Hemisphere is June 21 or when the sun is at its highest position in the noonday sky or 23  ½ degrees north (N) latitude. Each day past June 21, the noon sun is slightly lower in the sky as 12 hours or more of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere begins to shorten. COMPUTER SCIENCE DIPLOMA THESIS By September 22, the sun is directly above the equator and the astronomical beginning of fall officially begins in the Northern Hemisphere.   Three months after the autumnal equinox, the sun on December 21, is further away from the tilted Northern Hemisphere where days are shorter and nights are longer.   On this day, the sun shines directly above latitude 23  ½ degrees S (Tropic of Capricorn) or the first day of winter in the Northern Hemisphere. The first day of spring occurs around March 20 or when the sun crosses the equator and moving northward.

TuneCore Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

TuneCore - Essay Example This means that tune core do not charge a portion of the sales which can be expressed as a percentage. The artists then keep for themselves all earnings they get from all the online stores. TuneCore also offer publishing services to make sure that artists get compensations properly when any of their music is used on the web. This publishing administration is however, available for $75 fee which is paid once. Then the artists are able to access the Content ID on YouTube and many artists through these services have succeeded a lot especially in the YouTube marketplace to market and sell their videos (TuneCore Blog 2013). These artists working with TuneCore are able to earn a lot of royalties from their music downloads and music streams. This has led to expansion of TuneCore revenue base and general marketing and music distribution. Schwartz (2013) says that tapping into INDmusic was a great advantage to TuneCore in expanding its business and increasing the number of their retail customers; that is the number of artists. The company was then able to collect revenue from advertisements on YouTube on behalf of their artists. TuneCore was able to help their artists put their music in other forms like movies and in shows in various televisions. Following this, there was a remarkable increase in royalties from publishing. Currently, the network of INDmusic covers a number of artists not less than 270. These artists then get the opportunity to utilize the reach of INDmusic and be able to pick up their personal visibility. With high demand generated by TuneCore’s services, their artists are able to collect royalties from several digital downloads and streams. What the artists have to do is write their songs and do a recording of them which later upload in audio form. This audio form of the song is then send to the various digital stores of music where fans of the artists can access and buy the song.

STAT Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

STAT - Statistics Project Example From these results we reject the null hypothesis that the average hotel price in Philadelphia is $129.50 since we have proven that the average hotel room at Philadelphia is significantly different from $125 hence its not $ 129.50. Sample size = 250 and they believed that the average is 75%. It means that the confidence interval is at ÃŽ ± = 0.25. We calculate the sample mean as xbar= 250/168 = 1.488 and that the claimed average =0.75 thus t = 1.48-0.75)/ Since the resultant Z statistic test is less than the obtained value of (168/250) = 0.672, we reject the null hypothesis that there proportion of drivers under influence of alcohol are significantly less than 75%. We conclude that the proportion of drivers under the influence of alcohol is not less than 75%. Z = {Sample mean- ÃŽ ¼0}/ ÃŽ ´/√n = {9-6} Ã · 2.47/√100 = 12.146. The critical value of Z is obtained from the tables as Z ÃŽ ± /2 = Z 0.05 /2 = Z 0.025 = 1.96. but since the assumed is greater than the test statistic, we reject the null hypothesis that the mean waiting time will be 6 minutes or that its not true that the average waiting time will be reduced from the current 9- 10 minute. Let us find out the critical value of chi-squared (χ2) = (n-1) s2 Ã · ÃŽ ´2 = (25-1)0.4 /0.3 = 32. This is the obtained chi-square and from the chi-square tables, we deduce the value of the critical region as 36.42 (Bowman par 3). Since it’s a left- tailed test, our rejection region is less than 36.42 i.e. (χ2

Comparing the Rich versus the Poor Essay -- Poverty

Rich v. Poor Take a moment and picture a child half naked in the streets. His body has been harshly neglected. Little to no calf muscles exist. His ribs are plainly countable. One, two, three up his left side. You can do the same to his right. Malnutrition only vaguely begins to describe his condition. The worst of anorexia doesn’t even compare to this child’s inhumane state. As for shelter, he lives in a dilapidated hut. Food is a luxury, as the child may be fed only three or four times a week. He’s expected to die by the age of five due to severe malnutrition and disease. This is the grim portrait of an Ethiopian child in absolute poverty. His life doesn’t allow for the basic essentials of food, shelter, or clothing. In today’s world poverty is not only viewed in terms of average income/wealth, but as the lower end of distribution regarding income, education, health accessibility, nutrition, productivity, participation in politics, etc. Thus, poverty is defined as the â€Å"economic condition in which people lack sufficient income to obtain certain minimal levels of health services, food, housing, clothing, and education generally recognized as necessary to ensure an adequate standard of living† (Funk & Wagnall 1). Adequate, however, depends on the standard of living for each country. There are two different types of poverty today—relative and absolute. Nearly half of a billion people live in relative poverty—â€Å"meaning that some citizens are poor, relative to the wealth enjoyed by their neighbors† (Singer 218). To put these figures in terms one can relate to, it’s estimated that about 10% of human life resides in relative poverty. This is a substantial amount, but their condition is quite well ... ...ay, â€Å"prevent something very bad from happening, without [thereby] sacrificing anything of comparable moral significance†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Singer 229), and we should. Works Cited * Hardin, Garret. â€Å"Living on a Lifeboat.† Contemporary Moral Problems. American Institute of Biological Sciences, 1974: 246-257. * â€Å"Poverty.† Funk & Wagnall’s New Encyclopedia. 1992: 1-2. * Quadrini, Vincenzo.; Rà ­os-Rull, Josà ©-Và ­ctor. â€Å"Understanding the U.S. Distribution of Wealth.† http://newfirstsearch.oclc.org * Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Quarterly Review v. 21 no2. Spring. 1997: 22-36. * Singer, Peter. â€Å"Rich and Poor.† Practical Ethics. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993: 218-246. * Speth, James Gustave. â€Å"The Plight of the Poor: The Unites States Must Increase Development Aid.† Foreign Affairs v. 78 no3. May/June. 1999: 1-3.

Athena and Telemachus

Chayenne Georges Prof Jette Eng-111 3/10/13 Athena and Telemachus Athena, the Grey eyed goddess, is one of those women in The Odyssey whose role is so important. She is the goddess of wisdom, who helps Telemachus on a journey to bring his father back home. Athena goes to Odysseus son to put courage in him. She doesn’t show her true self to humans; instead Athena disguises herself on three different occasions. She appeared as Odysseus friend Mentes, when she approached Telemachus. When Athena touches down Ithaca she is immediately spotted by Telemachus, who was sitting unhappy among the suitor.Free-will is greatly used between Athena and Telemachus, when she is persuading him to find his father. Athena says, â€Å"If I were you, I should take these steps to make these men disperse,† [Homer, 320]. Here Athena is trying to get Telemachus to realize that it’s time for his father to come to Ithaca, and he has to get the suitors out of his home. In The Odyssey Telemach us is portrayed as a boy who has to grow up, he needs to find the courage and guidance to find his father, Athena is Telemachus’ voice she is the one who helps give this courage to him.The Odyssey give you more of an external view of the characters, it doesn’t really expose their inner thoughts or feelings. Meadowlands by, Louise Gluck demonstrates Telemachus’ true feelings for his father. â€Å"When I was younger I felt sorry for myself compulsively; in practical terms, I had no father; my mother lived at her loom hypothesizing her husband’s erotic life;† [Meadowlands, Telemachus’ Kindness, 24]. Here a whole different side of Telemachus is being identified.In Meadowlands Telemachus is angry at his parents, he pity them. This quote from Telemachus’ Kindness shows the anger he has towards his father for leaving. He feels as if he had no childhood because he never had a father figure in his life. Penelope sorrowed over Odysseus absence, instead of marrying one of the suitors and give Telemachus a father figure, someone to look to, Penelope often fantasied about her husband life and what he is doing while he is gone. She would loom every night to stall the suitors, keep from marrying them.

Determine Concentration and Molarity

Molarity is one of the most common and important units of concentration used in chemistry. This concentration problem illustrates how to find the molarity of a solution if you know how much solute and solvent are present. Concentration and Molarity Example Problem Determine the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 20.0 g of NaOH in sufficient water to yield a 482 cm3 solution. How to Solve the Problem Molarity is an expression of the moles of solute (NaOH) per liter of solution (water). To work this problem, you need to be able to calculate the number of moles of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and be able to convert cubic centimeters of a solution into liters. You can refer to the Worked Unit Conversions if you need more help. Step 1 Calculate the number of moles of NaOH that are in 20.0 grams. Look up the atomic masses for the elements in NaOH from the Periodic Table. The atomic masses are found to be: Na is 23.0H is 1.0O is 16.0 Plugging these values: 1 mol NaOH weighs 23.0 g 16.0 g 1.0 g 40.0 g So the number of moles in 20.0 g is: moles NaOH 20.0 g Ãâ€" 1 mol/40.0 g 0.500 mol Step 2 Determine the volume of solution in liters. 1 liter is 1000 cm3, so the volume of solution is: liters solution 482 cm3 Ãâ€" 1 liter/1000 cm3 0.482 liter Step 3 Determine the molarity of the solution. Simply divide the number of moles by the volume of solution to get the molarity: molarity 0.500 mol / 0.482 litermolarity 1.04 mol/liter 1.04 M Answer The molarity of a solution made by dissolving 20.0 g of NaOH to make a 482 cm3 solution is 1.04 M Tips for Solving Concentration Problems In this example, the solute (sodium hydroxide) and solvent (water) were identified. You may not always be told which chemical is the solute and which is the solvent. Often the solute is a solid, while the solvent is a liquid. Its also possible to make up solutions of gases and solids or of liquid solutes in liquid solvents.  In general, the solute is the chemical (or chemicals) present in smaller amounts. The solvent makes up most of the solution.  Molarity is concerned with the total volume of the solution, not the volume of the solvent. You can approximate molarity by dividing moles of solute by volume of solvent that is added, but this isnt correct and can lead to significant error when a large amount of solute is present.Significant figures can also come into play when reporting concentration in molarity. There will be a degree of uncertainty in the mass measurement of the solute. An analytical balance will yield a more precise measurement than weighing on a kitchen scale, fo r example. The glassware used to measure the volume of solvent also matters. A volumetric flask or graduated cylinder will yield a more precise value than a beaker, for example. Theres also an error in reading the volume, relating to the meniscus of the liquid. The number of significant digits in your molarity is only as many as that in your least precise measurement.